<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta name="author" content="Herbert Weir Smyth"/><meta name="generator" content="Text Encoding Initiative Consortium XSLT stylesheets"/><meta name="DC.Title" content=""/><meta name="DC.Type" content="Text"/><meta name="DC.Format" content="application/xhtml+xml"/><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8"/><link href="tei.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/><link href="alph-tei.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/></head><body id="TOP"><div class="smythp" id="s836"><h2 class="institution"/><h2 class="department"/><h1 class="maintitle">836</h1><p class="right"><span class="upLink"> Up: </span><a class="navigation" href="body.1_div1.3.html">Part III: Formation of Words</a><span class="nextLink"> Next: </span><a class="navigation" href="s837.html">837</a></p> <p> <b>Insertion of sigma</b>.—Between root (or stem) and suffix <span class="foreign">ς</span> is often found, and in some cases it has become attached to the suffix. This parasitic letter spread from the perfect middle, where it is properly in place only in stems in <span class="foreign">τ, δ, θ,</span> or <span class="foreign">ς</span>; as in <span class="foreign">σχι-σ-μό-ς</span> <span class="gloss">cleaving</span> with <span class="foreign">ς</span> from <span class="foreign">ἔ-σχι-σ-μαι</span> by analogy to <span class="foreign">ἔ-σχισ-ται</span> for <span class="foreign">ἐ-σχιδ-ται</span> (<span class="foreign">σχίζω</span> <span class="gloss">cleave</span>). In <span class="foreign">-σ-της</span> the transference was made easier by words like <span class="foreign">σχισ-τός</span> <span class="gloss">cloven</span> for <span class="foreign">σχιδ-τος</span>. This <span class="foreign">ς</span> appears before many suffixes, and usually where the perfect middle has acquired it (<a class="link_ref" href="body.1_div1.2_div2.9.html#s489" title="">489</a>). </p> <p><span class="foreign"><b>μα</b>· σπά-σ-μα</span> <span class="gloss">spasm</span> (<span class="foreign">σπάω</span> <span class="gloss">rend</span>, <span class="foreign">ἔσπασμαι</span>), <span class="foreign">κέλευ-σ-μα</span> <span class="gloss">command</span> (<span class="foreign">κελεύ-ω</span> <span class="gloss">command</span>, <span class="foreign">κεκέλευσμαι</span>), <span class="foreign">μία-σ-μα</span> <span class="gloss">stain</span> (<span class="foreign">μιαίνω</span> <span class="gloss">stain</span>, <span class="foreign">μεμίασμαι</span>).—<span class="foreign"> <b>μο</b> </span>: <span class="foreign">σπα-σ-μός ῀ σπά-σ-μα, κελευ-σ-μός</span> <span class="gloss">command</span>.—<span class="foreign"> <b>μη</b> </span>: <span class="foreign">δύ-σ-μη</span> <span class="gloss">setting</span> (<span class="foreign">δύ̄ω</span> <span class="gloss">set</span>).—<span class="foreign"> <b>της</b> </span>: <span class="foreign">κελευσ-τής</span> <span class="gloss">signal-man</span>, <span class="foreign">ὀρχη-σ-τής</span> <span class="gloss">dancer</span> (<span class="foreign">ὀρχ-έ-ομαι</span> <span class="gloss">dance</span>), <span class="foreign">δυνά-σ-της</span> <span class="gloss">lord</span> (<span class="foreign">δύνα-μαι</span> <span class="gloss">am able</span>). Also in <span class="foreign">δρα-σ-τήριος</span> <span class="gloss">efficacious</span> (<span class="foreign">δρά-ω</span> <span class="gloss">do</span>), <span class="foreign">ὀρχή-σ-τρᾱ</span> <span class="gloss">dancing-place</span>, <span class="foreign">πλη-σ-μόνη</span> <span class="gloss">fulness</span>. <span class="foreign">-σ-μ</span> has displaced <span class="foreign">δμ, -θ-μ</span> (<a class="link_ref" href="s832.html" title="">832</a>) in <span class="foreign">ὀσμή</span> <span class="gloss">odour</span> (earlier <span class="foreign">ὀδμή</span>), <span class="foreign">ῥυ-σ-μός</span> (and <span class="foreign">ῥυ-θ-μός</span>) <span class="gloss">rhythm</span>. </p> <div class="stdfooter"><hr/><div class="footer"/><hr/><address> Herbert Weir Smyth. <br/><div xmlns="" class="rights_info"><p class="cc_rights"><a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="https://creativecommons.org/images/public/somerights20.png"/></a><br/>This work is licensed under a <a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/">Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 United States License</a>. </p></div></address></div><div xmlns="" class="perseus-funder">The National Endowment for the Humanities provided support for entering this text.</div><div xmlns="" class="perseus-publication">XML for this text provided by <span class="publisher">Trustees of Tufts University</span><span class="pubPlace">Medford, MA</span><span class="authority">Perseus Project</span></div></div></body></html>