GENERAL RULES FOR THE ACCENT OF NOUNS

205

Substantives and adjectives accent, in the oblique cases, the same syllable as is accented in the nominative, provided the ultima permits (163); otherwise the following syllable receives the accent.

1 decl. θάλαττα, θαλάττης, θαλάττῃ, θάλατταν, θάλατται (169), θαλάτταις, θαλάττᾱς.

2 decl. ἄνθρωπος, ἀνθρώπου, ἀνθρώπῳ, ἄνθρωπον, ἄνθρωποι (169), ἀνθρώπων, ἀνθρώποις, ἀνθρώπους.

3 decl. λέων, λέοντος, λέοντι, λέοντα, λέοντες, λεόντων.

Adj.: ἄξιος (287), ἀξίᾱ, ἄξιον, ἀξίου, ἀξίᾱς, ἀξίῳ, ἀξίᾳ, ἀξίων, ἀξίοις. χαρίεις (299), χαρίεντος, χαρίεντι, χαρίεντα, χαριέντων.

206

The character of the accent depends on the general laws (167, 168, 176). Thus, νί̄κη, ϝῖκαι (169); δῶρον, δώρου, δῶρα; σῶμα, σώματος, σωμάτων, σώματα.

207

Oxytones of the first and second declensions are perispomena in the genitive and dative of all numbers: σκιά̄, σκιᾶς, σκιᾷ, σκιῶν, σκιαῖς; θεός, θεοῦ, θεῷ, θεῶν, θεοῖς; φανερός, φανεροῦ, φανερῷ, φανερῶν, φανεροῖς.

208

The genitive plural of all substantives of the first declension has the circumflex on the ω of -ων. Thus, νί̄κη νῑκῶν; θάλαττα θαλαττῶν; πολί̄της πολῑτῶν; νεᾱνίᾱς νεᾱνιῶν.

209

The fem. gen. plural of adjectives and participles in -ος has the same accent and form as the masculine and neuter. Thus, δίκαιος, gen. pl. δικαίων (in all genders); λυόμενος, gen. pl. λυομένων (in all genders).

CASE ENDINGS OF NOUNS

a. The stem may undergo a change upon its union with the case ending, as in the genitive plural of the first declension (213). Cp. 258, 264, 268, etc.

b. In the vowel declension, -ι of the nominative plural is borrowed from the inflection of pronouns (ἐκεῖνο-ι).